U盤數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)軟件篇二（U盤模塊）

本篇主要介紹U盤模塊，必須是有USB-HOST功能的芯片才可以進(jìn)行U盤數(shù)據(jù)的讀寫，在硬件設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)已經(jīng)提到了，本例用到的芯片屬于STM32F105系列是帶有OTG功能的，103系列的芯片只能作為從設(shè)備。STM32F105 USB接口主要特點(diǎn):

USB2.0協(xié)議，OTG1.3協(xié)議。

可作為USB主機(jī)、USB設(shè)備、

OTG設(shè)備（A類/B類）使用

可使用內(nèi)部FS PHY做FS通信

從官方下載USB例程,Library庫如下圖

我們需要做U盤數(shù)據(jù)的讀寫，USB做主機(jī)即HOST功能。如上圖在官方例程的Libraries目錄中。其中的USB OTG是USB Device和USB Host的基礎(chǔ)。在實(shí)際使用中，USB OTG是USB Device和USB Host的底層驅(qū)動(dòng)。本例需要移植OTG+HOST。(現(xiàn)在可以不需要移植了，通過STM32CubeMX直接由圖形界面簡(jiǎn)單配置下，生成初始化代碼，并對(duì)外設(shè)做了進(jìn)一步的抽象，讓開發(fā)人員更只專注應(yīng)用的開發(fā)。搞嵌入式還是要了解底層驅(qū)動(dòng)，對(duì)吧？)

01

驅(qū)動(dòng)文件移植

移植文件如下圖：

1.1 OTG和HOST驅(qū)動(dòng)文件簡(jiǎn)要說明

本例中需要實(shí)現(xiàn)U盤讀寫需要MSC驅(qū)動(dòng)程序，MSC:（Mass storage class）大容量存儲(chǔ)類驅(qū)動(dòng)程序用于支持通用USB閃存驅(qū)動(dòng)程序，使用BOT“Bulk-Only Transport”協(xié)議和透明SCSI命令集。

1.2 MSC驅(qū)動(dòng)文件介紹

1.3 用戶文件介紹

通常所有的用戶代碼均在以上文件做修改即可，只有少數(shù)特殊處理會(huì)設(shè)計(jì)到驅(qū)動(dòng)程序源碼的修改。在配置好后，一般來說，所有修改均在usbh_usr.h/.c中。

1.4 配置文件介紹

usb_conf.h

#ifndef USE_USB_OTG_FS //#define USE_USB_OTG_FS#endif /* USE_USB_OTG_FS */ #ifdef USE_USB_OTG_FS  #define USB_OTG_FS_CORE //使能內(nèi)核的全速模式 #endif #ifndef USE_USB_OTG_HS //#define USE_USB_OTG_HS #endif /* USE_USB_OTG_HS */ #ifndef USE_ULPI_PHY //#define USE_ULPI_PHY#endif /* USE_ULPI_PHY */ #ifndef USE_EMBEDDED_PHY //#define USE_EMBEDDED_PHY#endif /* USE_EMBEDDED_PHY */ #ifdef USE_USB_OTG_HS  #define USB_OTG_HS_CORE //使能內(nèi)核的高速模式#endif/****************** USB OTG HS CONFIGURATION **********************************/#ifdef USB_OTG_HS_CORE #define RX_FIFO_HS_SIZE 512 //設(shè)置高速模式下接收的FIFO的大小 #define TXH_NP_HS_FIFOSIZ 256 //設(shè)置高速模式下，作為USB Host時(shí)，非周期性發(fā)送的FIFO的大小 #define TXH_P_HS_FIFOSIZ 256 //設(shè)置高速模式下，作為USB Host時(shí)，周期性發(fā)送的FIFO的大小  #ifdef USE_ULPI_PHY #define USB_OTG_ULPI_PHY_ENABLED #endif #ifdef USE_EMBEDDED_PHY #define USB_OTG_EMBEDDED_PHY_ENABLED #endif #define USB_OTG_HS_INTERNAL_DMA_ENABLED #define USB_OTG_EXTERNAL_VBUS_ENABLED// #define USB_OTG_INTERNAL_VBUS_ENABLED#endif/****************** USB OTG FS CONFIGURATION **********************************/#ifdef USB_OTG_FS_CORE #define RX_FIFO_FS_SIZE 128 //設(shè)置全速模式下接收的FIFO的大小 #define TXH_NP_FS_FIFOSIZ 96 //設(shè)置全速模式下，作為USB Host時(shí)，非周期性發(fā)送的FIFO的大小 #define TXH_P_FS_FIFOSIZ 96 //設(shè)置全速模式下，作為USB Host時(shí)，周期性發(fā)送的FIFO的大小#endif/****************** USB OTG MODE CONFIGURATION ********************************/#define USE_HOST_MODE //HOST 模式//#define USE_DEVICE_MODE//#define USE_OTG_MODE 

usbh_config.h

#define USBH_MAX_NUM_ENDPOINTS 2 //支持端點(diǎn)的最大數(shù)量 1 bulk IN + 1 bulk Out #define USBH_MAX_NUM_INTERFACES 2 //支持接口的最大數(shù)量#ifdef USE_USB_OTG_FS #define USBH_MSC_MPS_SIZE 0x40#else#define USBH_MSC_MPS_SIZE 0x200#endif 

02

USB處理狀態(tài)機(jī)

下面介紹USB處理的核心狀態(tài)機(jī)

核心狀態(tài)機(jī)過程由USBH_Process函數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)。應(yīng)該從應(yīng)用程序主循環(huán)周期性地調(diào)用該函數(shù)。

/*** @brief USBH_Process* USB Host core main state machine process* @param None * @retval None*/void USBH_Process(USB_OTG_CORE_HANDLE *pdev , USBH_HOST *phost){ volatile USBH_Status status = USBH_FAIL;   /* check for Host port events */ if ((HCD_IsDeviceConnected(pdev) == 0)&& (phost->gState != HOST_IDLE))  { if(phost->gState != HOST_DEV_DISCONNECTED)  { phost->gState = HOST_DEV_DISCONNECTED; } }  switch (phost->gState) {  case HOST_IDLE ://在主機(jī)初始化之后，內(nèi)核在這種狀態(tài)下開始輪詢USB設(shè)備連接。 當(dāng)檢測(cè)到設(shè)備斷開連接事件時(shí)以及未發(fā)生錯(cuò)誤時(shí)也會(huì)進(jìn)入此狀態(tài)。  if (HCD_IsDeviceConnected(pdev))  { phost->gState = HOST_DEV_ATTACHED; USB_OTG_BSP_mDelay(100); } break;  case HOST_DEV_ATTACHED ://當(dāng)一個(gè)設(shè)備連接時(shí)，核心進(jìn)入這個(gè)狀態(tài)。 當(dāng)一個(gè)設(shè)備被檢測(cè)到時(shí)，狀態(tài)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)到HOST_ENUMERATION狀態(tài)。  phost->usr_cb->DeviceAttached(); phost->Control.hc_num_out = USBH_Alloc_Channel(pdev, 0x00); phost->Control.hc_num_in = USBH_Alloc_Channel(pdev, 0x80);   /* Reset USB Device */ if ( HCD_ResetPort(pdev) == 0) { phost->usr_cb->ResetDevice(); /* Wait for USB USBH_ISR_PrtEnDisableChange()  Host is Now ready to start the Enumeration  */  phost->device_prop.speed = HCD_GetCurrentSpeed(pdev);  phost->gState = HOST_ENUMERATION; phost->usr_cb->DeviceSpeedDetected(phost->device_prop.speed);  /* Open Control pipes */ USBH_Open_Channel (pdev, phost->Control.hc_num_in, phost->device_prop.address, phost->device_prop.speed, EP_TYPE_CTRL, phost->Control.ep0size);   /* Open Control pipes */ USBH_Open_Channel (pdev, phost->Control.hc_num_out, phost->device_prop.address, phost->device_prop.speed, EP_TYPE_CTRL, phost->Control.ep0size);  } break;  case HOST_ENUMERATION: //在這種狀態(tài)下，核心進(jìn)行USB設(shè)備的基本枚舉。 在枚舉過程結(jié)束時(shí)，選擇默認(rèn)設(shè)備配置（配置0）。 /* Check for enumeration status */  if ( USBH_HandleEnum(pdev , phost) == USBH_OK) {  /* The function shall return USBH_OK when full enumeration is complete */  /* user callback for end of device basic enumeration */ phost->usr_cb->EnumerationDone();  phost->gState = HOST_USR_INPUT;  } break;  case HOST_USR_INPUT: //這是一個(gè)中間狀態(tài)，它遵循枚舉并包括等待用戶輸入以啟動(dòng)USB類操作。 /*The function should return user response true to move to class state */ if ( phost->usr_cb->UserInput() == USBH_USR_RESP_OK) { if((phost->class_cb->Init(pdev, phost))\ == USBH_OK) { phost->gState = HOST_CLASS_REQUEST;  }  }  break;  case HOST_CLASS_REQUEST: //從此狀態(tài)開始，類驅(qū)動(dòng)程序接管，并調(diào)用類請(qǐng)求狀態(tài)機(jī)以處理所有初始類控制請(qǐng)求。 完成所需的類請(qǐng)求后，內(nèi)核將移至HOST_CLASS狀態(tài)。 /* process class standard contol requests state machine */  status = phost->class_cb->Requests(pdev, phost);  if(status == USBH_OK) { phost->gState = HOST_CLASS; }   else { USBH_ErrorHandle(phost, status); }   break;  case HOST_CLASS: // 在這種狀態(tài)下，類狀態(tài)機(jī)被稱為類相關(guān)操作（非控制和控制操作） /* process class state machine */ status = phost->class_cb->Machine(pdev, phost); USBH_ErrorHandle(phost, status); break;   case HOST_CTRL_XFER: //每當(dāng)需要控制轉(zhuǎn)移時(shí)就會(huì)進(jìn)入該狀態(tài) /* process control transfer state machine */ USBH_HandleControl(pdev, phost);  break;  case HOST_SUSPENDED: break;  case HOST_ERROR_STATE: //只要有任何庫狀態(tài)機(jī)發(fā)生未恢復(fù)的錯(cuò)誤，就會(huì)進(jìn)入此狀態(tài)。 在這種情況下，調(diào)用用戶回調(diào)函數(shù)（例如，顯示未恢復(fù)的錯(cuò)誤消息）。 然后主機(jī)庫被重新初始化。 /* Re-Initilaize Host for new Enumeration */ USBH_DeInit(pdev, phost); phost->usr_cb->DeInit(); phost->class_cb->DeInit(pdev, &phost->device_prop); break;  case HOST_DEV_DISCONNECTED ://設(shè)備斷開連接進(jìn)入此狀態(tài)  /* Manage User disconnect operations*/ phost->usr_cb->DeviceDisconnected();  /* Re-Initilaize Host for new Enumeration */ USBH_DeInit(pdev, phost); phost->usr_cb->DeInit(); phost->class_cb->DeInit(pdev, &phost->device_prop);  USBH_DeAllocate_AllChannel(pdev);  phost->gState = HOST_IDLE;  break;  default : break; }} 

MSC核心狀態(tài)機(jī)，U盤讀寫操作的上層實(shí)現(xiàn)，代碼如下：

int USBH_USR_MSC_Application(void){ uint16_t bytesWritten, bytesToWrite; FILINFO fno; DIR dir; /**********狀態(tài)機(jī)******************/ switch(USBH_USR_ApplicationState) { case USH_USR_FS_INIT:  USBH_USR_ApplicationState = USH_USR_IDLE;  /* Initialises the File System*/ if (f_mount( 0, &fatfs ) != FR_OK ) //掛載失敗 { return(-1); } if(USBH_MSC_Param.MSWriteProtect == DISK_WRITE_PROTECTED)//寫保護(hù) { return(-1); } if(f_open(&file,"TEST.txt", FA_WRITE | FA_CREATE_ALWAYS) == FR_OK)//U盤有效 {  bytesToWrite = sizeof(writeTextBuff);  res= f_write (&file, writeTextBuff, bytesToWrite, (void *)&bytesWritten); //寫一個(gè)測(cè)試文件  f_close(&file);  if(f_open(&file,"upgrade.txt", FA_OPEN_EXISTING |FA_READ) == FR_OK)//assert { if(FR_OK == f_read(&file, read_txt_file_buff, 8, (void *)&numOfOperationBytes)) { if(read_txt_file_buff[0] == 'z' &&read_txt_file_buff[1] == 'q' &&read_txt_file_buff[2] == '7' &&read_txt_file_buff[3] == '7' &&read_txt_file_buff[4] == '7' &&read_txt_file_buff[5] == '7') { //gb_udiskupgradeflag = 1; } } f_close(&file);  } f_mount(0, NULL);  } else//U盤無效 { return(-1); }  f_mount( 0, &fatfs ); res = f_open(&file, "main.bin", FA_OPEN_EXISTING|FA_READ); res = f_read(&file, read_txt_file_buff, 2048, (void *)&numOfOperationBytes); f_close(&file); f_mount(0, NULL);  gb_udiskIsOnLine = 1;//U盤在線 gb_udiskStateChanged = 1; break;  case USH_USR_FS_READ_FILE_SIZE: USBH_USR_ApplicationState = USH_USR_IDLE; if (f_mount( 0, &fatfs ) != FR_OK )  { udiskErrCode = MOUNT_ERROR; gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; return(-1); } res = f_open(&file, pFilePath, FA_OPEN_EXISTING | FA_READ); if(res != FR_OK) { f_close(&file); f_mount(0, NULL);  udiskErrCode = OPEN_FILE_ERROR; gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; return(-1); }  fileSize = file.fsize; f_close(&file); f_mount(0, NULL);  udiskErrCode = UDISK_OPERATION_OK;  gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; break;  case USH_USR_FS_READFILE_PART: USBH_USR_ApplicationState = USH_USR_IDLE; if ( f_mount( 0, &fatfs ) != FR_OK )  { udiskErrCode = MOUNT_ERROR; gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; return(-1); } res = f_open(&file, pFilePath, FA_OPEN_EXISTING | FA_READ); if(res != FR_OK) { f_close(&file); f_mount(0, NULL);  udiskErrCode = OPEN_FILE_ERROR; gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; return(-1); } res = f_lseek(&file,readOffset); if(res != FR_OK) { f_close(&file); f_mount(0, NULL);  udiskErrCode = SEEK_FILE_ERROR; gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; return(-1); } res = f_read(&file, pFileData, operationLen, (void *)&numOfOperationBytes); //res = f_read(&file, read_txt_file_buff, 1024, (void *)&numOfOperationBytes); if(res != FR_OK) { f_close(&file); f_mount(0, NULL);  udiskErrCode = READ_FILE_ERROR; gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; return(-1); } if(operationLen != numOfOperationBytes) { f_close(&file); f_mount(0, NULL);  udiskErrCode = OPERATION_NOT_COMPLETE; gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; return(-1); } f_close(&file); f_mount(0, NULL);  udiskErrCode = UDISK_OPERATION_OK;  gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; break;  case USH_USR_FS_WRITEFILE_PART: USBH_USR_ApplicationState = USH_USR_IDLE; if ( f_mount( 0, &fatfs ) != FR_OK )  { udiskErrCode = MOUNT_ERROR; gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; return(-1); } res = f_open(&file, pFilePath, FA_OPEN_EXISTING | FA_WRITE); if(res != FR_OK) { udiskErrCode = OPEN_FILE_ERROR; gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; return(-1); } res = f_lseek(&file,file.fsize);//寫在尾部 if(res != FR_OK) { udiskErrCode = SEEK_FILE_ERROR; gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; f_close(&file); f_mount(0, NULL);  return(-1); }  res = f_write(&file, pFileData, operationLen, (void *)&numOfOperationBytes); if(res != FR_OK) { f_close(&file); f_mount(0, NULL);  udiskErrCode = WRITE_FILE_ERROR; gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; return(-1); } if(operationLen != numOfOperationBytes) { f_close(&file); f_mount(0, NULL);  udiskErrCode = OPERATION_NOT_COMPLETE; gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; return(-1); } f_close(&file); f_mount(0, NULL);  udiskErrCode = UDISK_OPERATION_OK;  gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; break; case USH_USR_FS_CREATE_FILE: USBH_USR_ApplicationState = USH_USR_IDLE; if ( f_mount( 0, &fatfs ) != FR_OK )  { udiskErrCode = MOUNT_ERROR; gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; return(-1); } res = f_open(&file, pFilePath, FA_CREATE_ALWAYS); if(res != FR_OK) { f_close(&file); f_mount(0, NULL);  udiskErrCode = OPEN_FILE_ERROR; gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; return(-1); } f_close(&file); f_mount(0, NULL);  udiskErrCode = UDISK_OPERATION_OK;  gb_udiskOperationFinished = 1; break;  default: break; } return(0);} 

03

初始化USB HOST及主程序調(diào)用

調(diào)用如下函數(shù)初始化USB Host:

 /* Init Host Library */ USBH_Init(&USB_OTG_Core, #ifdef USE_USB_OTG_FS  USB_OTG_FS_CORE_ID,#else  USB_OTG_HS_CORE_ID,#endif  &USB_Host, &USBH_MSC_cb,  &USR_cb); 

主程序循環(huán)調(diào)用USBH_Process

 /* Host Task handler */ USBH_Process(&USB_OTG_Core, &USB_Host); 

/ The End /

本文主要介紹了在STM32F105平臺(tái)上USB HOST MSC驅(qū)動(dòng)移植和介紹。后續(xù)還會(huì)對(duì)程序中用到的文件系統(tǒng)FATFS部分進(jìn)行講解。

本文由【嵌入式案例Show】原創(chuàng)出品，未經(jīng)許可，請(qǐng)勿轉(zhuǎn)載